Publications of Michael S. F. Kirk

A list of publications authored or co-authored by Michael S. F. Kirk, derived from the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS). The number in brackets after each title indicates the number of citations that the paper has received.

Orcid ID: 0000-0001-9874-1429

List of publications ordered by citations
Number of papers: 64 (refereed: 26)
No. of citations: 911
First author papers: 15 (refereed: 6)

2025

1. Incorporating Magnetic-Field Characteristics into EUV-Based Automated Segmentation of Coronal Holes [0]
   Grajeda, Jeremy A., Boucheron, Laura E., Kirk, Michael S., Leisner, Andrew, Landeros, Jaime A. & Arge, C. Nick, Solar Physics, 300, 126
2. A Curated Database for Discovering Micro-Events Using AIA Data [0]
   Kirk, Michael, Attie, Raphael & Chakraborty, Srija, SDO 2025 Science Workshop: A Gathering of the Helio-hive!, p. 172
3. Magnetic Field-Constrained Ensemble Image Segmentation of Coronal Holes in Chromospheric Observations [1]
   Landeros, Jaime A., Kirk, Michael S., Arge, C. Nick, Boucheron, Laura E., Zhang, Jie, Uritsky, Vadim M., Grajeda, Jeremy A. & Dupertuis, Matthew, Solar Physics, 300, 10
4. Spectral and Spatial Graph Learning for Multispectral Solar Image Compression [0]
   Siwakoti, Prasiddha, Khoshkhahtinat, Atefeh, Mehta, Piyush M., Thompson, Barbara J., Kirk, Michael S. F. & da Silva, Daniel, arXiv:2512.24463
5. Diffusion Modeling of the Three-Dimensional Magnetic Field in the Sun's Corona [0]
   da Silva, Daniel E., Kirk, Michael, Mathews, Nat & Muñoz-Jaramillo, Andrés, arXiv:2510.01441

2024

1. Neural-Based Video Compression on Solar Dynamics Observatory Images [0]
   Khoshkhahtinat, Atefeh, Zafari, Ali, Mehta, Piyush M., Nasrabadi, Nasser M., Thompson, Barbara J., Kirk, Michael S. F. & da Silva, Daniel E., IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 60, 6685
2. STRIDE-CH: Sub-Transition Region Identification of Ensemble Coronal Holes [0]
   Landeros, Jaime, Kirk, Michael S., Arge, Charles Nickolos, Boucheron, Laura, Zhang, Jie, Uritsky, Vadim M., Dupertuis, Matthew & Grajeda, Jeremy, 171288623.31778488
3. A Community Data Set for Comparing Automated Coronal Hole Detection Schemes [17]
   Reiss, Martin A., Muglach, Karin, Mason, Emily, Davies, Emma E., Chakraborty, Shibaji, Delouille, Veronique, Downs, Cooper, Garton, Tadhg M., Grajeda, Jeremy A., Hamada, Amr, Heinemann, Stephan G., Hofmeister, Stefan, Illarionov, Egor, Jarolim, Robert, Krista, Larisza, Lowder, Chris, Verwichte, Erwin, Arge, Charles N., Boucheron, Laura E., Foullon, Claire, Kirk, Michael S., Kosovichev, Alexander, Leisner, Andrew, Möstl, Christian, Turtle, James & Veronig, Astrid, ApJS, 271, 6
4. Neural-Based Compression Scheme for Solar Image Data [4]
   Zafari, Ali, Khoshkhahtinat, Atefeh, Grajeda, Jeremy A., Mehta, Piyush M., Nasrabadi, Nasser M., Boucheron, Laura E., Thompson, Barbara J., Kirk, Michael S. F. & da Silva, Daniel E., IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 60, 918

2023

1. Data mining for science of the sun-earth connection as a single system [1]
   Alzate, Nathalia, Di Matteo, Simone, Morgan, Huw, Seaton, Daniel B., Miralles, Mari Paz, Balmaceda, Laura, Kirk, Michael S., West, Matthew, DeForest, Craig & Vourlidas, Angelos, Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, 10, 1151785
2. Science Platforms for Heliophysics Data Analysis [0]
   Bobra, Monica G., Barnes, Will T., Chen, Thomas Y., Cheung, Mark C. M., Hayes, Laura A., Ireland, Jack, Janvier, Miho, Kirk, Michael S. F., Mason, James P., Mumford, Stuart J. & Wright, Paul J., arXiv:2301.00878
3. Quantifying the Consistency and Characterizing the Confidence of Coronal Holes Detected by Active Contours Without Edges (ACWE) [7]
   Grajeda, Jeremy A., Boucheron, Laura E., Kirk, Michael S., Leisner, Andrew & Arge, C. Nick, Solar Physics, 298, 133
4. Context-Aware Neural Video Compression on Solar Dynamics Observatory [1]
   Khoshkhahtinat, Atefeh, Zafari, Ali, Mehta, Piyush M., Nasrabadi, Nasser M., Thompson, Barbara J., Kirk, Michael S. F. & Da Silva, Daniel, 2023 International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (ICMLA), p. 98
5. Context-Aware Neural Video Compression on Solar Dynamics Observatory [0]
   Khoshkhahtinat, Atefeh, Zafari, Ali, Mehta, Piyush M., Nasrabadi, Nasser M., Thompson, Barbara J., Kirk, Michael S. F. & da Silva, Daniel, arXiv:2309.10784
6. Multi-Spectral Entropy Constrained Neural Compression of Solar Imagery [0]
   Zafari, Ali, Khoshkhahtinat, Atefeh, Mehta, Piyush M., Nasrabadi, Nasser M., Thompson, Barbara J., Kirk, Michael S. F. & Da Silva, Daniel, 2023 International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (ICMLA), p. 178
7. Multi-spectral Entropy Constrained Neural Compression of Solar Imagery [0]
   Zafari, Ali, Khoshkhahtinat, Atefeh, Mehta, Piyush M., Nasrabadi, Nasser M., Thompson, Barbara J., Kirk, Michael S. F. & da Silva, Daniel, arXiv:2309.10791
8. The impact of dimensionality reduction of ion counts distributions on preserving moments, with applications to data compression [0]
   da Silva, D., Bard, C., Dorelli, J., Kirk, M., Thompson, B. & Shuster, J., Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, 9, 431

2022

1. Deep Learning for Space Weather Prediction: Bridging the Gap between Heliophysics Data and Theory [2]
   Dorelli, John C., Bard, Chris, Chen, Thomas Y., Da Silva, Daniel, Guides dos Santos, Luiz Fernando, Ireland, Jack, Kirk, Michael, McGranaghan, Ryan, Narock, Ayris, Nieves-Chinchilla, Teresa, Samara, Marilia, Sarantos, Menelaos, Schuck, Pete & Thompson, Barbara, arXiv:2212.13328
2. The Center for HelioAnalytics [0]
   Kirk, Michael S., Proceedings of the 2nd Machine Learning in Heliophysics, p. 9
3. Comparing the Sun Watcher Using Active Pixel System Detector and Image Processing Instrument to the Atmosphere Imaging Assembly Instrument Through Measurements of Polar Coronal Holes [0]
   Kirk, Michael S. F., Pesnell, W. Dean, Arge, C. Nickolos, West, Matthew J. & Attié, Raphael, Solar Physics, 297, 42
4. Heliophysics Discovery Tools for the 21st Century: Data Science and Machine Learning Structures and Recommendations for 2020-2050 [0]
   McGranaghan, R. M., Thompson, B., Camporeale, E., Bortnik, J., Bobra, M., Lapenta, G., Wing, S., Poduval, B., Lotz, S., Murray, S., Kirk, M., Chen, T. Y., Bain, H. M., Riley, P., Tremblay, B., Cheung, M. & Delouille, V., arXiv:2212.13325
5. Evaluating Machine Learning Approaches for Detecting Coronal Mass Ejections in Images [0]
   Thomas, Brian, Alzate, Nathalia & Kirk, Michael, Third Triennial Earth-Sun Summit (TESS), 54, p. 2022n7i131p01
6. An Analysis of Spikes in Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) Data [0]
   Young, Peter, Viall, Nicholeen, Kirk, Michael, Mason, Emily & Chitta, Lakshmi Pradeep, Third Triennial Earth-Sun Summit (TESS), 54, p. 2022n7i406p06
7. Attention-Based Generative Neural Image Compression on Solar Dynamics Observatory [3]
   Zafari, Ali, Khoshkhahtinat, Atefeh, Mehta, Piyush M., Nasrabadi, Nasser M., Thompson, Barbara J., Da Silva, Daniel & Kirk, Michael S. F., 2022 21st IEEE International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (ICMLA), p. 36
8. Attention-Based Generative Neural Image Compression on Solar Dynamics Observatory [1]
   Zafari, Ali, Khoshkhahtinat, Atefeh, Mehta, Piyush M., Nasrabadi, Nasser M., Thompson, Barbara J., da Silva, Daniel & Kirk, Michael S. F., arXiv:2210.06478

2021

1. SunCET: The Sun Coronal Ejection Tracker Concept [27]
   Mason, James Paul, Chamberlin, Phillip C., Seaton, Daniel, Burkepile, Joan, Colaninno, Robin, Dissauer, Karin, Eparvier, Francis G., Fan, Yuhong, Gibson, Sarah, Jones, Andrew R., Kay, Christina, Kirk, Michael, Kohnert, Richard, Pesnell, W. Dean, Thompson, Barbara J., Veronig, Astrid M., West, Matthew J., Windt, David & Woods, Thomas N., Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 11, 20
2. The Observational Uncertainty of Coronal Hole Boundaries in Automated Detection Schemes [26]
   Reiss, Martin A., Muglach, Karin, Möstl, Christian, Arge, Charles N., Bailey, Rachel, Delouille, Véronique, Garton, Tadhg M., Hamada, Amr, Hofmeister, Stefan, Illarionov, Egor, Jarolim, Robert, Kirk, Michael S. F., Kosovichev, Alexander, Krista, Larisza, Lee, Sangwoo, Lowder, Chris, MacNeice, Peter J., Veronig, Astrid & Cospar Iswat Coronal Hole Boundary Working Team, ApJ, 913, 28
3. SEARCH: SEgmentation of polAR Coronal Holes [0]
   Tiwari, Ajay Kumar, Tremblay, Benoit, Hu, Andong, Wolniewicz, Linnea M., Kirk, Michael, Guidoni, Silvina, Smith, Brent, Penn, Matthew & Samanta, Tanmoy, The 20.5th Cambridge Workshop on Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun (CS20.5), Cambridge Workshop on Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun, p. 211
4. An Analysis of Spikes in Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) Data [6]
   Young, Peter R., Viall, Nicholeen M., Kirk, Michael S., Mason, Emily I. & Chitta, Lakshmi Pradeep, Solar Physics, 296, 181
5. Three Solar Irradiance Proxies for Aperture Photoelectron Detections in Top-Hat ESAs Coated With Ebonol-C [1]
   da Silva, D., Gershman, D., Barrie, A., Elkington, S., Li, X., Kirk, M., Giles, B., Avanov, L., Shuster, J., Paterson, B., Schiff, C. & Chen, L. J., Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics), 126, e28960

2020

1. CME Acceleration as a Probe of the Coronal Magnetic Field [0]
   Mason, James Paul, Chamberlin, Phillip C., Woods, Thomas N., Jones, Andrew, Veronig, Astrid M., Dissauer, Karin, Kirk, Michael & SunCET Team, arXiv:2009.05625
2. SunPy: A Python package for Solar Physics [45]
   Mumford, Stuart, Freij, Nabil, Christe, Steven, Ireland, Jack, Mayer, Florian, Hughitt, V., Shih, Albert, Ryan, Daniel, Liedtke, Simon, Pérez-Suárez, David, Chakraborty, Pritish, K, Vishnunarayan, Inglis, Andrew, Pattnaik, Punyaslok, Sipőcz, Brigitta, Sharma, Rishabh, Leonard, Andrew, Stansby, David, Hewett, Russell, Hamilton, Alex, Hayes, Laura, Panda, Asish, Earnshaw, Matt, Choudhary, Nitin, Kumar, Ankit, Chanda, Prateek, Haque, Md, Kirk, Michael, Mueller, Michael, Konge, Sudarshan, Srivastava, Rajul, Jain, Yash, Bennett, Samuel, Baruah, Ankit, Barnes, Will, Charlton, Michael, Maloney, Shane, Chorley, Nicky, Himanshu, Modi, Sanskar, Mason, James, Naman, Campos Rozo, Jose Ivan, Manley, Larry, Chatterjee, Agneet, Evans, John, Malocha, Michael, Bobra, Monica, Ghosh, Sourav, Airmansmith, Stańczak, Dominik, De Visscher, Ruben, Verma, Shresth, Agrawal, Ankit, Buddhika, Dumindu, Sharma, Swapnil, Park, Jongyeob, Bates, Matt, Goel, Dhruv, Taylor, Garrison, Cetusic, Goran, Jacob, Inchaurrandieta, Mateo, Dacie, Sally, Dubey, Sanjeev, Sharma, Deepankar, Bray, Erik, Rideout, Jai, Zahniy, Serge, Meszaros, Tomas, Bose, Abhigyan, Chicrala, André, Ankit, Guennou, Chloé, D'Avella, Daniel, Williams, Daniel, Ballew, Jordan, Murphy, Nick, Lodha, Priyank, Robitaille, Thomas, Krishan, Yash, Hill, Andrew, Eigenbrot, Arthur, Mampaey, Benjamin, Wiedemann, Bernhard, Molina, Carlos, Keșkek, Duygu, Habib, Ishtyaq, Letts, Joseph, Bazán, Juanjo, Arbolante, Quinn, Gomillion, Reid, Kothari, Yash, Sharma, Yash, Stevens, Abigail, Price-Whelan, Adrian, Mehrotra, Ambar, Kustov, Arseniy, Stone, Brandon, Dang, Trung, Arias, Emmanuel, Dover, Fionnlagh, Verstringe, Freek, Kumar, Gulshan, Mathur, Harsh, Babuschkin, Igor, Wimbish, Jaylen, Buitrago-Casas, Juan, Krishna, Kalpesh, Hiware, Kaustubh, Mangaonkar, Manas, Mendero, Matthew, Schoentgen, Mickaël, Gyenge, Norbert, Streicher, Ole, Mekala, Rajasekhar, Mishra, Rishabh, Srikanth, Shashank, Jain, Sarthak, Yadav, Tannmay, Wilkinson, Tessa, Pereira, Tiago, Agrawal, Yudhik, Jamescalixto, Yasintoda & Murray, Sophie, The Journal of Open Source Software, 5, 1832
3. The SunPy Project: Open Source Development and Status of the Version 1.0 Core Package [443]
   SunPy Community, Barnes, Will T., Bobra, Monica G., Christe, Steven D., Freij, Nabil, Hayes, Laura A., Ireland, Jack, Mumford, Stuart, Perez-Suarez, David, Ryan, Daniel F., Shih, Albert Y., Chanda, Prateek, Glogowski, Kolja, Hewett, Russell, Hughitt, V. Keith, Hill, Andrew, Hiware, Kaustubh, Inglis, Andrew, Kirk, Michael S. F., Konge, Sudarshan, Mason, James Paul, Maloney, Shane Anthony, Murray, Sophie A., Panda, Asish, Park, Jongyeob, Pereira, Tiago M. D., Reardon, Kevin, Savage, Sabrina, Sipőcz, Brigitta M., Stansby, David, Jain, Yash, Taylor, Garrison, Yadav, Tannmay, Rajul & Dang, Trung Kien, ApJ, 890, 68
4. Identifying Flux Rope Signatures Using a Deep Neural Network [20]
   dos Santos, Luiz F. G., Narock, Ayris, Nieves-Chinchilla, Teresa, Nuñez, Marlon & Kirk, Michael, Solar Physics, 295, 131

2019

1. Characteristics of Ephemeral Coronal Holes [3]
   Inglis, A. R., O'Connor, R. E., Pesnell, W. D., Kirk, M. S. & Karna, N., ApJ, 880, 98
2. Statistical Signatures of Nanoflare Activity. I. Monte Carlo Simulations and Parameter-space Exploration [27]
   Jess, D. B., Dillon, C. J., Kirk, M. S., Reale, F., Mathioudakis, M., Grant, S. D. T., Christian, D. J., Keys, P. H., Krishna Prasad, S. & Houston, S. J., ApJ, 871, 133
3. Extracting Science from the AIA Trash Pile with Machine Learning [0]
   Kirk, Michael, 2019 IEEE/ACM Workshop on Machine Learning in High Performance Computing Environments (MLHPC), p. 43
4. Using Deep Learning to Segment Features in Solar EUV Images [0]
   Kirk, Michael, 2019 IEEE/ACM Workshop on Machine Learning in High Performance Computing Environments (MLHPC), p. 15

2018

1. Evaluating the WSA Model's Predictive Performance [0]
   Arge, Charles Nickolos, Henney, Carl J., Shurkin, Kathleen, Kirk, Michael S. & Wallace, Samantha, 2018 Triennial Earth-Sun Summit (TESS) (Editors: Brousseau, Donna), p. 414.04
2. Precursors of Magnetic Flux Emergence in the Moat Flows of Active Region AR12673 [13]
   Attie, R., Kirk, M. S., Thompson, B. J., Muglach, K. & Norton, A. A., Space Weather, 16, 1143
3. Precursors of magnetic flux emergence in the moat flows of active region AR12673 [0]
   Attie, Raphael, Kirk, Michael, Thompson, Barbara, Muglach, Karin & Norton, Aimee, Catalyzing Solar Connections, p. 34
4. Characteristics of ephemeral coronal holes [0]
   Inglis, Andrew, O'Connor, Rachel, Pesnell, Dean, Kirk, Michael & Karna, Nishu, Catalyzing Solar Connections, p. 106
5. Power spectrum power-law indices as a diagnostic of coronal heating [0]
   Ireland, Jack, Viall, Nicholeen, Bradshaw, Stephen & Kirk, Michael, Catalyzing Solar Connections, p. 119
6. Oscillations and Asymmetries in Polar Coronal Holes [0]
   Kirk, Michael S. & Pesnell, William Dean, 2018 Triennial Earth-Sun Summit (TESS) (Editors: Brousseau, Donna), p. 309.121
7. Extracting Solar Physics from 151 Million EUV Images [0]
   Kirk, Michael S., Thompson, Barbara, Attie, Raphael, Viall-Kepko, Nicki & Young, Peter, Catalyzing Solar Connections, p. 88
8. Multi-wavelength Observations of Flare-Induced Acoustic Waves Around Active Regions with SDO AIA [0]
   Monsue, Teresa, Pesnell, W. Dean, Hill, Frank & Kirk, Michael, Catalyzing Solar Connections, p. 111
9. Driving Scientific Discovery with Machine Learning and AI at the NASA GSFC Center for HelioAnalytics [0]
   Thompson, Barbara J., Kirk, Michael S. & Sarantos, Menelaos, Catalyzing Solar Connections, p. 81
10. Tracking Flows and Disturbances in Coronagraph Data [0]
    Thompson, Barbara J., Attie, Raphael, DeForest, Craig E., Gibson, Sarah E., Hess Webber, Shea A., Inglis, Anfew R., Ireland, Jack, Kirk, Michael S., Kwon, RyunYoung & Viall, Nicholeen M., 2018 Triennial Earth-Sun Summit (TESS) (Editors: Brousseau, Donna), p. 309.122

2017

1. The Origin of Sequential Chromospheric Brightenings [3]
   Kirk, M. S., Balasubramaniam, K. S., Jackiewicz, J. & Gilbert, H. R., Solar Physics, 292, 72
2. Relationships Between Sequential Chromospheric Brightening and the Corona [5]
   Kirk, M. S., Balasubramaniam, K. S., Jackiewicz, J. & Gilbert, H. R., Fine Structure and Dynamics of the Solar Atmosphere (Editors: Vargas Dominguez, S., Kosovichev, A. G., Antolin, P. & Harra, L.), IAU Symposium, 327, p. 117

2016

1. Estimating and Separating Noise from AIA Images [0]
   Kirk, Michael S., Ireland, Jack, Young, C. Alex & Pesnell, W. Dean, SDO 2016: Unraveling the Sun's Complexity (Editors: Pesnell, W. Dean & Thompson, Barbara), p. 26
2. Space Oddities: The Search For Ephemeral Coronal Holes [0]
   O'Connor, Rachel E., Pesnell, W. Dean, Kirk, Michael S. & Karna, Nishu, SDO 2016: Unraveling the Sun's Complexity (Editors: Pesnell, W. Dean & Thompson, Barbara), p. 9
3. Dynamic Mapping of Prominence Activity [0]
   Thompson, Barbara J., Gilbert, Holly R., Kirk, Michael S., Mays, M. Leila., Ofman, Leon, Uritsky, Vadim, Wyper, Peter & Hovis-Afflerbach, Beryl, SDO 2016: Unraveling the Sun's Complexity (Editors: Pesnell, W. Dean & Thompson, Barbara), p. 82

2015

1. SunPy—Python for solar physics [124]
   SunPy Community, The, Mumford, Stuart J., Christe, Steven, Pérez-Suárez, David, Ireland, Jack, Shih, Albert Y., Inglis, Andrew R., Liedtke, Simon, Hewett, Russell J., Mayer, Florian, Hughitt, Keith, Freij, Nabil, Meszaros, Tomas, Bennett, Samuel M., Malocha, Michael, Evans, John, Agrawal, Ankit, Leonard, Andrew J., Robitaille, Thomas P., Mampaey, Benjamin, Iván Campos-Rozo, Jose & Kirk, Michael S., Computational Science and Discovery, 8, 014009

2014

1. Areas of Polar Coronal Holes from 1996 Through 2010 [31]
   Hess Webber, S. A., Karna, N., Pesnell, W. D. & Kirk, M. S., Solar Physics, 289, 4047
2. Qualities of Sequential Chromospheric Brightenings Observed in Hα and UV Images [3]
   Kirk, Michael S., Balasubramaniam, K. S., Jackiewicz, Jason & McAteer, R. T. James, ApJ, 796, 78

2013

1. An Automated Algorithm to Distinguish and Characterize Solar Flares and Associated Sequential Chromospheric Brightenings [10]
   Kirk, M. S., Balasubramaniam, K. S., Jackiewicz, J., McNamara, B. J. & McAteer, R. T. J., Solar Physics, 283, 97

2012

1. Sequential Chomospheric Brightening: An Automated Approach to Extracting Physics from Ephemeral Brightening [2]
   Kirk, M. S., Balasubramaniam, K. S., Jackiewicz, J., McAteer, R. T. J. & McNamara, B. J., Second ATST-EAST Meeting: Magnetic Fields from the Photosphere to the Corona. (Editors: Rimmele, T. R., Tritschler, A., Wöger, F., Collados Vera, M., Socas-Navarro, H., Schlichenmaier, R., Carlsson, M., Berger, T., Cadavid, A., Gilbert, P. R., Goode, P. R. & Knölker, M.), Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, 463, p. 267
2. Properties of Sequential Chromospheric Brightenings and Associated Flare Ribbons [9]
   Kirk, Michael S., Balasubramaniam, K. S., Jackiewicz, Jason, McAteer, R. T. James & Milligan, Ryan O., ApJ, 750, 145

2011

1. A Comparison of Solar Polar Coronal Hole Areas Between Solar Cycles 23 and 24 [0]
   Hess Webber, Shea A., Karna, Nishu, Pesnell, W. Dean & Kirk, Michael S., 2nd ATST-EAST Workshop in Solar Physics: Magnetic Fields from the Photosphere to the Corona, p. 1
2. Solar Polar Coronal Hole Areas Through the Past Solar Minimum [0]
   Hess Webber, Shea A., Karna, Nishu, Pesnell, W. Dean & Kirk, Michael S., LWS/SDO Workshop 2011, p. 1

2010

1. An Update of the Automatic Detection of Polar Coronal Holes in the EUV [0]
   Hess Webber, Shea A., Karna, Nishu, Pesnell, W. Dean & Kirk, Michael S., Eddy Cross-Disciplinary Symposium on Sun-Climate Research, p. 1

2009

1. Automated detection of EUV Polar Coronal Holes during Solar Cycle 23 [76]
   Kirk, M. S., Pesnell, W. D., Young, C. A. & Hess Webber, S. A., Solar Physics, 257, 99

2007

1. Getting Something from Nothing: Polar Coronal Holes in Cycles 22 and 23 [0]
   Hess Webber, Shea A., Kirk, Michael S. & Pesnell, W. Dean, From the Sun towards the Earth: A Living With a Star science meeting, p. 38